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Romans 14
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______________________________________________ Who are the Churches of Christ? The Churches of Christ are an
association of churches that trace th The Stone-Campbell Movement began as a unity movement. Alexander Campbell came from the Old Light Anti-burgher Seceder Presbyterian Church of Ireland and Scotland. Campbell rebelled against the rigidly closed taking of the bread and cup in his congregation in Ireland. Only those who passed the catechism were permitted to partake. No other Presbyterians who disagreed with them were permitted to partake with them. (Some trace the Church of Christ penchant for debate and division to their Presbyterian/John Knox/John Calvin/Ulrich Zwingli heritage.) Campbell was a postmaster who spread his teaching through magazines he edited.
In the early 1800s the Churches of Christ/Christian Church/Disciples of Christ claimed to have been the fastest growing religious movement in the world. Alexander Campbell was invited to preach to the Congress of the United States of America. Four preachers from the Churches of Christ, including Sydney Rigdon, joined the early Mormon Church around 1824 and influenced it to reflect several of the doctrines of the Churches of Christ (including the name of the church and baptism for the remission of sins). The movement split just before the American Civil War--the richer north opposing slavery and becoming more organized with a missionary society (1843) and adopting organs and pianos, (the Disciples of Christ). The southern portion retained an otherworldly approach and claimed to be the one true church (the Church of Christ). Restoration Movement groups go by the names of
Church of Christ
(using instrumental music, mostly in the west, associated with
Midwest School of Evangelism in Ottumwa, Iowa), the
Independent Christian Churches (the
moderate middle of the spectrum, sometimes called the Christian Church,
and sometimes called the Church of Christ, especially in
Canada and Australia), and the liberal
Disciples of Christ (currently
discussing ordaining gay clergy,
and active with the World
Council of Churches) with headquarters in Indianapolis, IN.
The
O'Kelly movement of the Christian Church eventually joined the
United Church
of Christ (not identified with the Restoration Movement, but tracing history
from the Mayflower Pilgrim Puritans). The southern portion of the Restoration Movement became the
Churches of Christ, noninstrumental. The noninstrumental or a cappella Churches of Christ split in the United States in the 1950s and '60s over organization and money distribution. (Can a group of churches pool money to do a special ministry?) The smaller, noninstitutional churches use Florida College, Temple Terrace, Florida. Until recently, the fastest growing wing of the Movement was the International Church of Christ, headquartered in Los Angeles. Since the 1970s there has been a growing house church movement in the Churches of Christ, (see also here), many focusing on the doctrine of grace. Currently the Churches of Christ are shrinking by 2% per year. The larger a cappella Churches of Christ are identifying with the wider evangelical movement (which often looked to Billy Graham for leadership), with a splinter group opting to remain hard-line sectarian (the one true church). ______________________________________________ |
For more on Stone and Campbell click
here.
There is also a sizable group in Australia called the Churches of Christ that traces its roots to the Restoration Movement. They use instruments of music, are much more moderate than Churches of Christ in the USA, being similar to the Independent Christian Church/Disciples of Christ in the USA.
There are many splits and
divisions within the a capella movement. Perhaps the most conservative and restrictive
wing of the Churches of Christ is a tiny group of churches in the American Midwest that refuse to
hire full-time ministers. There are also groups that refuse to have Bible
classes in the church building, and some who use only one cup for communion. |